Bunion Surgery: What to Expect Every Step of the Way

If you’re struggling with the discomfort of a bunion, you’re not alone. Bunions are one of the most common foot problems, and they can lead to persistent pain, limited mobility, and difficulty finding shoes that fit. Thankfully, modern bunion surgery can correct this issue, relieving pain and restoring function.

At Treasure Valley Foot & Ankle, our specialists offer a personalized approach to bunion care, combining conservative management with advanced surgical techniques when needed. This guide will walk you through what to expect before, during, and after bunion surgery—so you can make informed decisions about your foot health.

What Is a Bunion?

A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe. It occurs when the bones of the forefoot shift out of alignment, causing the big toe to angle toward the second toe. Over time, this deformity can cause pain, inflammation, and joint damage if left untreated.

Common Signs of a Bunion:

• A noticeable bump at the base of your big toe

• Swelling, redness, or tenderness around the joint

• Pain that worsens when walking or standing

• Limited range of motion in the big toe

• Development of corns or calluses where toes rub together

Early diagnosis and treatment can help slow bunion progression, but for advanced cases, surgical correction may be the best option.

Why Do Bunions Develop?

Several factors contribute to bunion formation:

• Genetics: Inherited foot structure plays a significant role.

• Foot Mechanics: Flat feet or abnormal arch function increase risk.

• Footwear: Tight or narrow shoes can aggravate bunion development.

• Activity Level: High-impact activities or long periods of standing can stress the feet.

Understanding your risk factors helps you make proactive choices about your foot care.

Conservative Treatment Options

Before considering surgery, Treasure Valley Foot & Ankle emphasizes conservative care. Nonsurgical treatments may include:

• Wearing orthotic inserts to improve foot alignment

• Switching to supportive footwear with a wide toe box

• Using padding or bunion splints to reduce pressure

• Taking anti-inflammatory medications to manage pain and swelling

If these options no longer provide relief, bunion surgery may be recommended.

How Bunion Surgery Has Advanced

Traditional Approaches

In the past, bunion surgery often involved large incisions, extensive recovery time, and a higher risk of recurrence. Procedures like the Keller or McBride technique focused primarily on removing the bunion bump without correcting the underlying bone misalignment.

Modern Minimally Invasive Techniques

Today, bunion surgery is much more precise. Surgeons use advanced techniques such as the Scarf osteotomy, Akin osteotomy, or Lapiplasty® 3D bunion correction. These methods not only remove the bunion but also address the root cause—realigning the bones and stabilizing the joint.

Benefits of Modern Bunion Surgery:

• Smaller incisions and less scarring

• Quicker recovery and return to activity

• Reduced pain and swelling

• Lower recurrence rates

At Treasure Valley Foot & Ankle, we tailor each surgical plan to the individual, ensuring the most effective and least invasive treatment possible.

How to Prepare for Bunion Surgery

Preparation is key to a successful surgical outcome. Here’s how you can get ready:

Step 1: Consultation and Evaluation

Your foot specialist will perform a full evaluation, which may include:

• A physical examination of your foot structure

• X-rays to assess the severity of the deformity

• A discussion of your lifestyle, goals, and treatment preferences

This assessment allows your provider to recommend the most appropriate surgical approach.

Step 2: Pre-Surgery Instructions

Before surgery, you’ll receive specific instructions, such as:

• Discontinue anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen for at least one week before surgery.

• Avoid smoking, as it can slow healing.

• Follow pre-surgical fasting guidelines if anesthesia is involved.

Step 3: Post-Surgery Planning

Arrange for someone to drive you home and help you during the initial recovery phase. Your mobility will be limited for the first few days, so setting up a comfortable recovery space at home is helpful.

What to Expect on Surgery Day

On the day of your surgery, you’ll check in at the surgical center. The procedure usually takes one to two hours, depending on the complexity of the correction.

Anesthesia Options:

• Local Anesthesia: Numbs just the surgical site.

• Regional Anesthesia: Numbs the foot or leg.

• General Anesthesia: You’ll be asleep during the procedure.

Your surgeon will help determine the safest and most comfortable option for you.

Recovery and Post-Operative Care

Immediate Recovery

After surgery, your foot will be bandaged and protected with a surgical shoe or walking boot. You’ll need to keep the foot elevated to reduce swelling.

Pain Management

Most patients control post-surgical discomfort with:

• Prescription pain relievers for the first few days

• NSAIDs like ibuprofen for ongoing relief

• Ice therapy to manage inflammation

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Gentle range-of-motion exercises often begin within a few weeks of surgery. Your provider will guide you through a personalized recovery plan that may include:

• Toe stretches and strengthening exercises

• Balance training to restore stability

• Gradual return to weight-bearing activities

Recovery Timeline

• First 2 Weeks: Minimal walking with a protective boot.

• Weeks 3–6: Light activities as tolerated, still avoiding high-impact movements.

• Weeks 6–12: Transition to supportive shoes. Most patients return to daily routines.

• 3–6 Months: Full recovery, with improved function and reduced pain.

Common Myths About Bunion Surgery

Myth: Bunion surgery is always extremely painful.

Reality: With modern techniques, most patients experience manageable discomfort and faster healing.

Myth: The bunion will come back after surgery.

Reality: When performed correctly and followed by proper care, bunion surgery has a high success rate and low recurrence risk.

Myth: You’ll be stuck in bed for weeks.

Reality: Many patients walk with a surgical boot shortly after surgery and return to normal activities within weeks.

Real-Life Success Stories

At Treasure Valley Foot & Ankle, patients frequently report life-changing results from bunion surgery. After years of discomfort, many return to favorite activities like hiking, jogging, or simply wearing shoes without pain. These outcomes reflect the power of personalized surgical care combined with expert follow-up support.

FAQ: Bunion Surgery

How long does bunion surgery take?

Most procedures last between one and two hours, and patients typically go home the same day.

When can I start walking after bunion surgery?

Most patients can walk short distances in a surgical boot within the first week. Full weight-bearing usually occurs between 6–8 weeks.

What kind of shoes should I wear after surgery?

You’ll begin with a medical boot or surgical shoe, then transition to wide, supportive footwear after healing.

Is bunion surgery covered by insurance?

Yes, most insurance plans cover bunion surgery when it is deemed medically necessary. Check with your provider for specific coverage details.

What are the risks of bunion surgery?

As with any surgery, there are potential risks such as infection, nerve irritation, or recurrence. However, modern techniques significantly reduce these risks.

Take the First Step Toward Pain Relief

If you’re ready to explore your options for bunion treatment, Treasure Valley Foot & Ankle is here to help. Our team offers both conservative care and advanced surgical solutions tailored to your needs.

Visit www.treasurevfa.com to learn more or schedule your consultation today.